Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad sobre los factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos en adolescentes: Una revisión sistemática.

  • Francisco Martínez-Paz Programa Magíster en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile
  • Julio Patricio Gallardo-Peña Programa Magíster en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile
  • Luis Ariel Toro-Arismendi Programa Magíster en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile
  • Rodolfo Miguel Gacitúa Fernández Programa Magíster en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile
  • Dany Sobarzo-Soto Escuela de Kinesiología, Universidad Santo Tomás, Puerto Montt, Chile.
Palabras clave: Adolescente, Cardiometabólico, HIIT

Resumen

El entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad (HIIT) tiene conocidos efectos beneficiosos en los factores cardiometabólicos de los adultos, pero la cantidad de evidencia disponible en relación a estos efectos en los adolescentes es menor.

Objetivo: Evaluar los artículos publicados para determinar los efectos de un entrenamiento HIIT sobre los factores de riesgo cardiometabólico en adolescentes. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed, ScienceDirect y Google Scholar. Los criterios de elegibilidad fueron establecidos en base al acrónimo PICOS: (P) adolescentes en su mayoría entre 10 y 19 años, (I) protocolo de entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad, (C) grupo control u otro protocolo de entrenamiento, (O) efecto del entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad sobre factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos, (S) cualquier diseño de estudio experimental, publicado desde 2015 a septiembre de 2020 en inglés o español. Resultados: Se identificaron 95 artículos, de los cuales solo 10 cumplen con los criterios de inclusión. Se observaron mejoras en los factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos. Conclusión: Los programas HIIT con características multicomponentes y con un adecuado control nutricional generan una disminución de los factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos en adolescentes, desde la quinta semana.

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Publicado
2021-06-17
Cómo citar
Martínez-Paz, F., Gallardo-Peña, J. P., Toro-Arismendi, L. A., Gacitúa Fernández, R. M., & Sobarzo-Soto, D. (2021, junio 17). Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad sobre los factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos en adolescentes: Una revisión sistemática. Revista Horizonte Ciencias De La Actividad Física, 12(1), 17-33. Recuperado a partir de http://revistahorizonte.ulagos.cl/index.php/horizonte/article/view/193
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NUMERO ESPECIAL